Câteva tipuri de pipe din lut din Dobrogea și Moldova

Résumé

The rescue archaeological excavations and random discoveries in Hârşova (Constanţa County) and Iaşi city (Pl. I) has led to the identification of several types of clay pipes which proof that tobacco was smoked in the Balkan Peninsula as well as in Romanian territories, since the end of the 17th – beginning of the 18th century. For the classification we used the specific feature of bowl’s shape. Thus, the pipes from Hârşova and Iaşi are Ottoman types and were divided in four groups (R. Robinson and M. Stančeva used three main groups). First group includes pipes with rounded bowl, the second include pipes with the bowl in disk form, the third lily-shaped pipes (or bellshaped pipes), based on form, decoration and dimension. Thereby, in this article, we analyze the evolution of shapes, styles and the makers’ stamps preserved on these artefacts. The stamps represent the pipe-makers guild which was established in the second half of the 18th – 19th century. The pipes from Hârşova and Iaşi are set in the chronological frame in the end of 17th / beginning of 18th – 19th century.