This is an outdated version published on 2020-09-28. Read the most recent version.
Personality types and dreaming in future health professionals: Effect of age and gender
Identifiers (Article)
Identifiers (Files)
Abstract
This research is aimed at highlighting the existing relations among variables related to dreams and personality. The theoretical frame is linked to the analytic psychology by C. G. Jung and in particular to the Psychological Types. In order to study the variables related to dreams, the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire in its Italian Adaptation was adopted. The observation group was composed of 287 subjects aged from 18 to 27 years old with female prevalence, completing study courses related to health professions. In order to assess the personality variables, the Myers Briggs Type Indicator Form F was used with reference to extraversion and introversion attitudes and psychological functions, such as thought, feeling, sensation and intuition. All dream variables of the MADRE Questionnaire were considered. The first hypothesis of the study was related to the relationships among attitudes and dreams variables. Significant correlations emerged with reference to telling dreams, overall emotional tone, creative dreams, problem solving dreams, reading about dreams helpful literature, positive for extraversion and negative for introversion. The second hypothesis was related to the links among psychological functions and dream variables. Several significant correlations emerged, always in line with the polar dimension of the complementary variables. The third hypothesis analysed the dependencies between fundamental variables such as age and gender of our future clinicians and dream factors. Significant dependencies emerged, so that the role of age and gender were highlighted with reference to the particular MADRE dream variables. According to the emerged data it was possible to highlight the importance of studying future health professionals' object relations.
Statistics
References
Barrick, M., & Ryan, A. M. (Eds.). (2004). Personality and work: Reconsidering the role of personality in organizations (Vol. 20). John Wiley & Sons.
Beebe, J. (2005). Finding our way in the dark. Journal of Analytical psychology, 50(1), 91-101.
Bidjerano, T., & Dai, D. Y. (2007). The relationship between the big-five model of personality and self-regulated learning strategies. Learning and individual differences, 17(1), 69-81.
Bishop, N. J., Grubb, H. J., & Acuff, N. H. (2017). An Investigation of Neo-psychoanalytic Dream Type/Content and Its Relationship to Personality. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 4(16).
Bloxham, A. (2018). The Relationships Between Dream Recall, Motivation to Remember Dreams, and Waking Memory Ability. International Journal of Dream Research, 141-153.
Bonnet, M., Belot, R. A., Sanahuja, A., & Vandel, P. (2019). The House-Drawing Test: Using a projective test in assessment to differentiate normal from pathological ageing. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Bourlot, G. (2015). Métapsychologie et fictions. L'Évolution Psychiatrique, 80(3), 544-553.
Bourlot, G. (2018). Qu’est-ce qu’une narration? Les fonctions psychiques de la narration. L'Évolution Psychiatrique, 83(4), 627-645.
Bourlot, G. (2019). The Scopic drive and its destinies. The psychic functions of mask. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Cann, Douglas R. and Donderi, D. C. (1986). “Jungian Personality Typology and the recall of Everyday and Archetypal Dreams.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50 (5), 1021-1029.
Caputo, A. (2013). Health demand in primary care context: What do people think about physicians?. Psychology, health & medicine, 18(2), 145-154.
Carli, R., Paniccia, R. M., Policelli, S., & Caputo, A. (2017). Clinical psychology in hospital setting. Healthcare and culture: subjectivity in medical contexts, 145-171.
Colman, W. (2011). Symbolic objects and the analytic frame. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(2), 184-202.
Conversano, C. (2019). Psychological common factors in chronic diseases. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2727.
Demacheva, I., & Zadra, A. (2019). Dream content and its relationship to trait anxiety. International Journal of Dream Research, 1-7.
Di Giuseppe, M., Ciacchini, R., Micheloni, T., Bertolucci, I., Marchi, L., & Conversano, C. (2018). Defense mechanisms in cancer patients: A systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 115, 76-86.
Eysenck, H. J. (1961). Handbook of abnormal psychology: An experimental approach.
Forrer, K. (2014). To what extent does the dream influence the creative process?. International Journal of Dream Research, 90-92.
Forrer, K. (2017). Vita Somnium Breve (Is Life but a Dream?). International Journal of Dream Research, 90-97.
Forrer, K. (2018). The World Dream As Parable of Being. International Journal of Dream Research, 218-223.
Ghorayeb, I., Napias, A., Denechere, E., & Mayo, W. (2019). Validation of the French version of the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire in a French adult sample. International Journal of Dream Research, 23-34.
Hawkins, I. I., Raymond, C., & Boyd, R. L. (2017). Such stuff as dreams are made on: Dream language, LIWC norms, and personality correlates. Dreaming, 27(2), 102.
Jung CG. Tipi psicologici (1921). Opere, Boringhieri, Torino 1969; 6: 463.
Kradin, R. L. (2011). Psychosomatic disorders: the canalization of mind into matter. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(1), 37-55.
Manfredi, P., & Massardi, E. (2019). From the Greek theater to the mind: the opportunities of the mask. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Marchini, F., Caputo, A., Napoli, A., Balonan, J. T., Martino, G., Nannini, V., & Langher, V. (2018). Chronic illness as loss of good self: underlying mechanisms affecting diabetes adaptation. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6(3).
Marozza, M. I. (2005). When does a dream begin to ‘have meaning’? Linguistic constraints and significant moments in the construction of the meaning of a dream. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 50(5), 693-705.
Martino, G., Bellone, F., Langher, V., Caputo, A., Catalano, A., Quattropani, M. C., & Morabito, N. (2019a). Alexithymia and Psychological Distress Affect Perceived Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Martino, G., Catalano, A., Bellone, F., Russo, G. T., Vicario, C. M., Lasco, A., ... & Morabito, N. (2019b). As time goes by: anxiety negatively affects the perceived quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes of long duration. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1779.
Martino, G., Langher, V., Cazzato, V., & Vicario, C. M. (2019). Psychological factors as determinants of medical conditions. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2502.
Merlo, E. M. (2019). Adolescent phobia as a “mask object”. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Merlo, E. M. (2019). Opinion Article: The role of psychological features in chronic diseases, advancements and perspectives. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Montangero, J. (2018). Dreaming and REM-sleep: History of a scientific denial whose disappearance entailed a reconciliation of the neuroscience and the cognitive psychological approaches to dreaming. International Journal of Dream Research, 30-45.
Myers IB. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: Manual (1962).
Rosa, V., Tomai, M., Lauriola, M., & Martino, G. (2019). Body mass index, personality traits, and body image in Italian pre-adolescents: An opportunity for overweight prevention. Psihologija, 52(4), 379-393.
Scapin, F., Dehon, H., & Englebert, J. (2018). Assessment of a French version of the Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE) in a Belgian sample. International Journal of Dream Research, 11(1), 46-53.
Schaverien, J. (2005). Art, dreams and active imagination: A post‐Jungian approach to transference and the image. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 50(2), 127-153.
Schellinski K. (2014). Who am I? International Journal of Analytical Psychology. 59:189–210.
Schredl, M. (2012). Continuity in studying the continuity hypothesis of dreaming is needed. Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Heidelberg.
Schredl, M., Berres, S., Klingauf, A., Schellhaas, S., & Göritz, A. S. (2014). The Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE): Retest reliability, age and gender effects. International Journal of Dream Research, 141-147.
Schredl, M., Brennecke, J., & Reinhard, I. (2013). Does training increase NREM dream recall? A pilot study. International Journal of Dream Research, 54-58.
Selterman, D. (2016). Attitudes Toward Dreaming Predict Subjective Well-Being Outcomes Mediated Through Emotional Positivity Bias. International Journal of Dream Research, 34-39.
Settineri, S. (2019). Clinical Psychology and adolescence. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(2).
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A., & Merlo, E. M. (2019a). Emotional suppression and oneiric expression in psychosomatic disorders: early manifestations in emerging adulthood and young patients. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1897.
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A., & Merlo, E. M. (2019b). Italian adaptation of the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire (MADRE): age, gender and dream recall effects. International Journal of Dream Research, 119-129.
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Merlo, E. M., Geraci, D., & Martino, G. (2019). Compliance, adherence, concordance, empowerment, and self-management: five words to manifest a relational maladjustment in diabetes. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 12, 299.
Settineri, S., Merlo, E. M., Alibrandi, A., Sicari, F., Dritto, I. P., Strangis, F., & Frisone, F. (2019c). Personality and phobias in adolescence: age and gender in psychopathological expressions. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 6(2), 304-310.
Settineri, S., Merlo, E. M., Frisone, F., Marchetti, D., Verrocchio, M. C., Pellegrino, M. G., ... & Fenga, C. (2018). The experience of health and suffering in the medical profession. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6(2).
Shahabian, M., Taghipour, A., Khademi, G., Ferdosi, N. S., Jahantiq, H., Salmani, E. R., & Ebadirad, M. (2017). Validity and reliability assessment of Persian adaption of Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE). International Journal of Dream Research, 10(1), 53-58.
Skancke, J., Holsen, I., & Schredl, M. (2014). Continuity between waking life and dreams of psychiatric patients: A review and discussion of the implications for dream research. International Journal of Dream Research, 39-53.
Smythe, W. E., & Baydala, A. (2012). The hermeneutic background of CG Jung. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 57(1), 57-75.
Solomonova, E., Stenstrom, P., Paquette, T., & Nielsen, T. (2015). Different temporal patterns of memory incorporations into dreams for laboratory and virtual reality experiences: relation to dreamed locus of control. International journal of dream research, 10-26.
Stein, M. (2015). When symptom is symbol: some comments on Rosemary Gordon's,‘Masochism: the shadow side of the archetypal need to venerate and worship’. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 60(4), 507-519.
Tribl, G. G., Beuerle, F., Trindade, M. C., Lorenzi-Filho, G., Pires, J., Barbosa, E. R., & Schredl, M. (2018). Dream reflecting cultural contexts: comparing Brazilian and German diary dreams and most recent dreams. International Journal of Dream Research, 2(11), 160-171.
Vuletić, G. (2018). Disrupted narrative and narrative symbol. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 63(1), 47-64.
Wilkinson, M. (2006). The dreaming mind‐brain: a Jungian perspective. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 51(1), 43-59.
Beebe, J. (2005). Finding our way in the dark. Journal of Analytical psychology, 50(1), 91-101.
Bidjerano, T., & Dai, D. Y. (2007). The relationship between the big-five model of personality and self-regulated learning strategies. Learning and individual differences, 17(1), 69-81.
Bishop, N. J., Grubb, H. J., & Acuff, N. H. (2017). An Investigation of Neo-psychoanalytic Dream Type/Content and Its Relationship to Personality. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 4(16).
Bloxham, A. (2018). The Relationships Between Dream Recall, Motivation to Remember Dreams, and Waking Memory Ability. International Journal of Dream Research, 141-153.
Bonnet, M., Belot, R. A., Sanahuja, A., & Vandel, P. (2019). The House-Drawing Test: Using a projective test in assessment to differentiate normal from pathological ageing. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Bourlot, G. (2015). Métapsychologie et fictions. L'Évolution Psychiatrique, 80(3), 544-553.
Bourlot, G. (2018). Qu’est-ce qu’une narration? Les fonctions psychiques de la narration. L'Évolution Psychiatrique, 83(4), 627-645.
Bourlot, G. (2019). The Scopic drive and its destinies. The psychic functions of mask. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Cann, Douglas R. and Donderi, D. C. (1986). “Jungian Personality Typology and the recall of Everyday and Archetypal Dreams.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50 (5), 1021-1029.
Caputo, A. (2013). Health demand in primary care context: What do people think about physicians?. Psychology, health & medicine, 18(2), 145-154.
Carli, R., Paniccia, R. M., Policelli, S., & Caputo, A. (2017). Clinical psychology in hospital setting. Healthcare and culture: subjectivity in medical contexts, 145-171.
Colman, W. (2011). Symbolic objects and the analytic frame. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(2), 184-202.
Conversano, C. (2019). Psychological common factors in chronic diseases. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2727.
Demacheva, I., & Zadra, A. (2019). Dream content and its relationship to trait anxiety. International Journal of Dream Research, 1-7.
Di Giuseppe, M., Ciacchini, R., Micheloni, T., Bertolucci, I., Marchi, L., & Conversano, C. (2018). Defense mechanisms in cancer patients: A systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 115, 76-86.
Eysenck, H. J. (1961). Handbook of abnormal psychology: An experimental approach.
Forrer, K. (2014). To what extent does the dream influence the creative process?. International Journal of Dream Research, 90-92.
Forrer, K. (2017). Vita Somnium Breve (Is Life but a Dream?). International Journal of Dream Research, 90-97.
Forrer, K. (2018). The World Dream As Parable of Being. International Journal of Dream Research, 218-223.
Ghorayeb, I., Napias, A., Denechere, E., & Mayo, W. (2019). Validation of the French version of the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire in a French adult sample. International Journal of Dream Research, 23-34.
Hawkins, I. I., Raymond, C., & Boyd, R. L. (2017). Such stuff as dreams are made on: Dream language, LIWC norms, and personality correlates. Dreaming, 27(2), 102.
Jung CG. Tipi psicologici (1921). Opere, Boringhieri, Torino 1969; 6: 463.
Kradin, R. L. (2011). Psychosomatic disorders: the canalization of mind into matter. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(1), 37-55.
Manfredi, P., & Massardi, E. (2019). From the Greek theater to the mind: the opportunities of the mask. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Marchini, F., Caputo, A., Napoli, A., Balonan, J. T., Martino, G., Nannini, V., & Langher, V. (2018). Chronic illness as loss of good self: underlying mechanisms affecting diabetes adaptation. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6(3).
Marozza, M. I. (2005). When does a dream begin to ‘have meaning’? Linguistic constraints and significant moments in the construction of the meaning of a dream. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 50(5), 693-705.
Martino, G., Bellone, F., Langher, V., Caputo, A., Catalano, A., Quattropani, M. C., & Morabito, N. (2019a). Alexithymia and Psychological Distress Affect Perceived Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Martino, G., Catalano, A., Bellone, F., Russo, G. T., Vicario, C. M., Lasco, A., ... & Morabito, N. (2019b). As time goes by: anxiety negatively affects the perceived quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes of long duration. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1779.
Martino, G., Langher, V., Cazzato, V., & Vicario, C. M. (2019). Psychological factors as determinants of medical conditions. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2502.
Merlo, E. M. (2019). Adolescent phobia as a “mask object”. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(1).
Merlo, E. M. (2019). Opinion Article: The role of psychological features in chronic diseases, advancements and perspectives. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(3).
Montangero, J. (2018). Dreaming and REM-sleep: History of a scientific denial whose disappearance entailed a reconciliation of the neuroscience and the cognitive psychological approaches to dreaming. International Journal of Dream Research, 30-45.
Myers IB. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: Manual (1962).
Rosa, V., Tomai, M., Lauriola, M., & Martino, G. (2019). Body mass index, personality traits, and body image in Italian pre-adolescents: An opportunity for overweight prevention. Psihologija, 52(4), 379-393.
Scapin, F., Dehon, H., & Englebert, J. (2018). Assessment of a French version of the Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE) in a Belgian sample. International Journal of Dream Research, 11(1), 46-53.
Schaverien, J. (2005). Art, dreams and active imagination: A post‐Jungian approach to transference and the image. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 50(2), 127-153.
Schellinski K. (2014). Who am I? International Journal of Analytical Psychology. 59:189–210.
Schredl, M. (2012). Continuity in studying the continuity hypothesis of dreaming is needed. Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Heidelberg.
Schredl, M., Berres, S., Klingauf, A., Schellhaas, S., & Göritz, A. S. (2014). The Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE): Retest reliability, age and gender effects. International Journal of Dream Research, 141-147.
Schredl, M., Brennecke, J., & Reinhard, I. (2013). Does training increase NREM dream recall? A pilot study. International Journal of Dream Research, 54-58.
Selterman, D. (2016). Attitudes Toward Dreaming Predict Subjective Well-Being Outcomes Mediated Through Emotional Positivity Bias. International Journal of Dream Research, 34-39.
Settineri, S. (2019). Clinical Psychology and adolescence. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(2).
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A., & Merlo, E. M. (2019a). Emotional suppression and oneiric expression in psychosomatic disorders: early manifestations in emerging adulthood and young patients. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1897.
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A., & Merlo, E. M. (2019b). Italian adaptation of the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire (MADRE): age, gender and dream recall effects. International Journal of Dream Research, 119-129.
Settineri, S., Frisone, F., Merlo, E. M., Geraci, D., & Martino, G. (2019). Compliance, adherence, concordance, empowerment, and self-management: five words to manifest a relational maladjustment in diabetes. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 12, 299.
Settineri, S., Merlo, E. M., Alibrandi, A., Sicari, F., Dritto, I. P., Strangis, F., & Frisone, F. (2019c). Personality and phobias in adolescence: age and gender in psychopathological expressions. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 6(2), 304-310.
Settineri, S., Merlo, E. M., Frisone, F., Marchetti, D., Verrocchio, M. C., Pellegrino, M. G., ... & Fenga, C. (2018). The experience of health and suffering in the medical profession. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 6(2).
Shahabian, M., Taghipour, A., Khademi, G., Ferdosi, N. S., Jahantiq, H., Salmani, E. R., & Ebadirad, M. (2017). Validity and reliability assessment of Persian adaption of Mannheim Dream questionnaire (MADRE). International Journal of Dream Research, 10(1), 53-58.
Skancke, J., Holsen, I., & Schredl, M. (2014). Continuity between waking life and dreams of psychiatric patients: A review and discussion of the implications for dream research. International Journal of Dream Research, 39-53.
Smythe, W. E., & Baydala, A. (2012). The hermeneutic background of CG Jung. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 57(1), 57-75.
Solomonova, E., Stenstrom, P., Paquette, T., & Nielsen, T. (2015). Different temporal patterns of memory incorporations into dreams for laboratory and virtual reality experiences: relation to dreamed locus of control. International journal of dream research, 10-26.
Stein, M. (2015). When symptom is symbol: some comments on Rosemary Gordon's,‘Masochism: the shadow side of the archetypal need to venerate and worship’. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 60(4), 507-519.
Tribl, G. G., Beuerle, F., Trindade, M. C., Lorenzi-Filho, G., Pires, J., Barbosa, E. R., & Schredl, M. (2018). Dream reflecting cultural contexts: comparing Brazilian and German diary dreams and most recent dreams. International Journal of Dream Research, 2(11), 160-171.
Vuletić, G. (2018). Disrupted narrative and narrative symbol. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 63(1), 47-64.
Wilkinson, M. (2006). The dreaming mind‐brain: a Jungian perspective. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 51(1), 43-59.
Published (Versions)
- 2021-03-12 (2)
- 2020-09-28 (1)
Section
Language
en
Keywords
Personality types, Jung, Clinical Psychology, Dreams, Adolescence, Analytical Psychology
How to Cite
Merlo, E. M., Sicari, F., Frisone, F., Alibrandi, A. ., & Settineri, S. (2020). Personality types and dreaming in future health professionals: Effect of age and gender. International Journal of Dream Research, 13(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.11588/ijodr.2020.2.70571
