Recommendations for a Genomic Newborn Screening Program in Germany from a Ethical, Legal, Social and Medical Perspective

A Position Paper presented by NEW_LIVES „Genomic NEWborn screening programs – Legal Implications, Value, Ethics and Society”

  • Karla Alex (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Elena Sophia Doll (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Hannah Straub (Author)
    University of Mannheim
  • Elena Schnabel-Besson (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Nicola Dikow (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Lars Neth (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Julia Mahal (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Ulrike Mütze (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Sascha Settegast (Author)
    Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
  • Carlotta Julia Mayer (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Heiko Brennenstuhl (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Tobias Hagedorn (Author)
    6Deutsche Interessengemeinschaft Phenylketonurie und verwandte angeborene Stoffwechselstörungen e.V.
  • Henriette Högl (Author)
    Kindernetzwerk e.V.
  • Beate Ditzen (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Ralf Müller-Terpitz (Author)
    University of Mannheim
  • Stefan Kölker (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Christian P. Schaaf (Author)
    Heidelberg University
  • Eva Winkler (Author)
    Heidelberg University

Identifiers (Article)

Abstract

Newborn screening (NBS) is one of the most successful preventive measures for public health. Since its establishment more than 50 years ago, NBS has made a decisive contribution to the early detection, and early treatment of persons with selected, severe diseases, the NBS target diseases. Early diagnosis allows for treatment, or preventive measures to be initiated in a timely manner. This makes it possible to slow, or even completely halt the progression of these diseases in affected individuals.
The implementation of genome sequencing in the context of NBS opens the possibility of so-called genomic newborn screening (gNBS). This would involve analysing the genetic material of newborns for disease-causing alterations in genes. As a result, many additional target diseases could be included in NBS. At present, gNBS is not yet a part of regular NBS, but its feasibility, and potential health benefits are currently being investigated in pilot studies around the world.
One of the greatest challenges for gNBS consists in the formulation of transparent selection criteria for new target diseases. Another challenge lies in specifying the medical, legal, and ethical framework under which a gNBS programme could be offered, while also taking into account societal perspectives and expectations.
This position paper has the aim of formulating recommendations for what would be an acceptable framework for a gNBS programme in Germany, including recommendations for selection criteria for target diseases, and for the management of a gNBS programme, as well as for revision of legislation. It is the result of a research project conducted at the Universities of Heidelberg and Mannheim over the course of three years. This interdisciplinary project brought together researchers from the fields of paediatrics and adolescent medicine, human genetics, law, medical psychology, and medical ethics, as well as representatives of patient organisations (Kindernetzwerk e.V., and Deutsche Interessengemeinschaft Phenylketonurie und verwandte angeborene Stoffwechselstörungen e.V.). The project was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; since 2025 Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space: BMFTR) and is called NEW_LIVES (“Genomic NEWborn screening programs – Legal Implications, Value, Ethics and Society”).

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Published
2025-07-17
Language
German; English
Academic discipline and sub-disciplines
Medical Ethics, Law, Medical Psychology, Human Genetics, Pediatrics
Contributor or sponsoring agency
German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space
Type, method or approach
Text
Keywords
Program Management, Target Disease Selection Criteria